A form of 7-position scoring where the individually assigned values are derived from ratios that come from measurements of the “Kircher features.” Because the scores come from measurements, the OSS eliminates subjectivity in chart interpretation. However, it is very time-intensive when performed manually, and impractical for routine use. The OSS has been automated by some computer polygraph manufacturers. The OSS version 3 (Nelson, Krapohl & Handler, 2008) can accommodate almost all probable-lie CQTs. See: Dutton (2000); Krapohl & McManus (1999).